Kako dodatak 0,1 mol NaOH utice na promenu pH vrednosti u:a) 1l ciste vodeb) 1 l rastvora sircetne kiseline c=1mol/lc) 1l rastvora sircetne kiseline c=1mol/l i natrijum acetata c=1mol/lUraditi
a) NaOH------------->Na+ + OH-
c(NaOH)=n/V=0.1 mol/l. Posto je pH ciste vode 7 a NaOH je jaka baza kada se doda u vodu povecava se pH
{OH-}=c(NaOH)=0.1 mol/l
{H3O+}=Kw/{OH-}=1*10(-14)/1*10(-1)=1*10(-13) i pH=13 poveca se za 6 jedinica
c) n(NaOH)=0.1 mol (CH3COOH)=1 mol a n(CH3COONa)=1 mol
CH3COOH+NaOH--------------->CH3COONa+H2O
u pitanju je pufer u koji se dodaje NaOH pKa=4.76
pH=pKa+log{baza}/{kiselina}
pH=4.76+log{1/1)=4.76
CH3COOH+OH- -------------->CH3COO- + H2O
n(CH3COOH)=1-0.1=0.9 mol
n(CH3COO-)=1-0.1=0.9 mol
pH=4.76+log{baza}/{kiselina}=4.76+log(0.9)/(0.9)=4.76 pH se ne menja ostaje isti.
b) formira se pufer
CH3COOH+NaOH-------------->CH3COONa+H2O
n(CH3COOH)iz jednacine =0.1 mol
n1(CH3COOH)=1 mol a n(CH3COONa)=0.1 mol
n*(CH3COOH)=n1(CH3COOH)-n(CH3COOH)=1-0.1=0.9 mol
pH=pKa+log{CH3COONa}/{CH3COOH}=4.76+log{0.1/1}
pH=4.76-1=3.76 i pH se smanjuje za 1 jedinicu.
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Dodatak jake baze
a) NaOH------------->Na+ + OH-
c(NaOH)=n/V=0.1 mol/l. Posto je pH ciste vode 7 a NaOH je jaka baza kada se doda u vodu povecava se pH
{OH-}=c(NaOH)=0.1 mol/l
{H3O+}=Kw/{OH-}=1*10(-14)/1*10(-1)=1*10(-13) i pH=13 poveca se za 6 jedinica
c) n(NaOH)=0.1 mol (CH3COOH)=1 mol a n(CH3COONa)=1 mol
CH3COOH+NaOH--------------->CH3COONa+H2O
u pitanju je pufer u koji se dodaje NaOH pKa=4.76
pH=pKa+log{baza}/{kiselina}
pH=4.76+log{1/1)=4.76
CH3COOH+OH- -------------->CH3COO- + H2O
n(CH3COOH)=1-0.1=0.9 mol
n(CH3COO-)=1-0.1=0.9 mol
pH=4.76+log{baza}/{kiselina}=4.76+log(0.9)/(0.9)=4.76 pH se ne menja ostaje isti.
b) formira se pufer
CH3COOH+NaOH-------------->CH3COONa+H2O
n(CH3COOH)iz jednacine =0.1 mol
n1(CH3COOH)=1 mol a n(CH3COONa)=0.1 mol
n*(CH3COOH)=n1(CH3COOH)-n(CH3COOH)=1-0.1=0.9 mol
pH=pKa+log{CH3COONa}/{CH3COOH}=4.76+log{0.1/1}
pH=4.76-1=3.76 i pH se smanjuje za 1 jedinicu.